In GSM systems, the MSC and VLR are integrated in the same AXE-based node. The reason for this is that there is an extensive amount of information exchange between the two nodes for every call, particularly during call set-up. The MSC/VLR interface is completely internal within the AXE, but each is treated as a distinct and separate function. An MSC/VLR contains the common APZ and APT subsystems described previously, along with the subsystems in the following table, each of which is implemented in software only.
MSC/VLR Subsystems
MSC/VLR hardware
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